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Agriculture in Calasparra develops a program of breeding Japanese plum to meet the needs of the sector (16/10/2016)

This is new varieties of early maturing, high quality fruit, with floral self-compatibility and resistance to plum pox virus, which is considered essential to ensure the future and profitability of this crop

The Ministry of Water, Agriculture and Environment developed at the Center for Demonstration and Technology Transfer Calasparra a program breeding Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) with the aim of obtaining new varieties of plum adapted to the region and to meet the needs from the sector.

The trial, which began in 2013, covers five hectares, divided into 12 plots.

The program addresses different lines of action, such as creating a collection of potentially useful varieties as parents in the intervarietal crosses, their comprehensive characterization and evaluation of genealogies and selection of specimens of interest, among others.

This is new varieties of early maturing, high quality fruit, with floral self-compatibility and resistance to plum pox virus, which is considered essential to ensure the future and profitability of this crop.

In the project technicians and researchers Murciano Research Institute and Agricultural Development and Food (Imide) and the Center for Soil Science and Applied Biology Segura (CEBAS-CSIC) participate.

Spain is one of the world's leading producers of plum because, among other things, good adaptation of the varieties of plum Japanese to climatic conditions and the possibility of growing early varieties, which allow production in May and June, preventing largely competition in European markets, with consequent economic benefits.

However, in the last five years there has been a decrease in acreage, both in the region of Murcia and Valencia, two plum traditionally producing regions that have lost more than 1,000 hectares of farmland each.

Problematic crop

Cultivation Plum in Spain has a number of shortcomings and problems, such as the foreign origin of the varieties used, which requires farmers to pay high royalties, failure to adapt to climatic conditions generally higher needs of winter cold, their self-incompatibility frequent (need to be pollinated by another variety), or gustatory quality, among others.

Another serious problem that primarily affects the region of Murcia and Valencia is the incidence of plum pox virus, which causes significant damage to this species, and affects production and quality.

Finally, the commercial quality of cultivated varieties is another problem that must be addressed, given the increasing competitiveness of markets and new consumer demands.

This requires a plum produce high quality characterized by an attractive appearance, suitable texture and firmness and high taste quality.

Source: CARM

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